Akuttherapie des Schlaganfalls

Zusammenfassung

Die moderne Akuttherapie des Schlaganfalls hat dazu geführt, dass die schlaganfallbedingte Sterblichkeit und die Rate an behinderten Schlaganfallopfern in den letzten 30 Jahren kontinuierlich gesunken sind. Die Eckpfeiler der Akuttherapie sind: erstens die Einführung der Stroke Units, also von Schlaganfall-Spezialstationen, auf denen sich ein Team aus Therapeuten verschiedenster Berufsgruppen speziell um Schlaganfallpatienten kümmert; zweitens die Durchführung der Lysetherapie für geeignete Patienten, die eine gut organisierte Rettungskette und optimierte Abläufe innerhalb des Krankenhauses voraussetzt, und drittens die Erkennung und Behandlung schlaganfallbedingter Komplikationen, die von der Erkennung und Behandlung von Hirndruck bis zur Vermeidung und Behandlung von Pneumonien reicht. Zur Hirndruckbehandlung ist inzwischen eine frühe operative Therapie mittels Hemikraniektomie für jüngere Patienten als Standard anzusehen.

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